Five Ways To Develop Teachers’ Digital Competencies

My role of Director of Educational Technology at a large independent school in the south west of England is varied, incredibly busy and hugely fulfilling. Supporting the ongoing learning and development of over 150 colleagues in their use of educational technology and fostering the effective use of digital skills by the 1300 plus students at the school is not without its challenges, but it is also immensely rewarding. 

My recent completion of the CIPD (Chartered Institute of Personnel & Development) Level 5 Diploma in Learning and Development has assisted me enormously in recognising, pre-empting and overcoming some of those challenges and helped with the provision of professional learning opportunities for my colleagues. 

Here are five ways in which I support my colleagues in developing their digital competencies for teaching and learning.

1. One To One Training

I make myself available to all colleagues for one-to-one training sessions either in their classrooms or in my dedicated training office (equipped with a large screen to demonstrate the use of software and apps on the PC and / or on the iPad). Often these sessions are one time occurrences in which teachers benefit from confirmation or reassurance about how to use software in a particular way for teaching and learning. I have found that these sessions are often about overcoming one particular barrier which then enables colleagues to make maximum benefit of the particular software that they are using.

The other type of one-to-one contact involves sessions over a period of time in which I adopt a coaching role and support colleagues by asking them questions to assist them in finding solutions to problems themselves and innovative ways of using applications. This is very effective as it encourages teacher autonomy and builds confidence.

In both of these one-to-one scenarios I have progressed to being present with the teacher in their classroom during their lessons. By doing so I have been able to oversee the smooth implementation of the technology in the lesson while the teacher can continue focusing on teaching and learning. Recently I was present in a drama lesson in which the teacher made excellent use of Flipgrid. I was there in a supporting role to ensure that anything on the technical side could be overcome without interrupting the flow of the lesson and learning. 

Similarly, following one-to-one training with a teacher of Spanish I was present in the classroom with him when he introduced Flipgrid. I was able to support students on a one-to-one basis with setting up the app and showing them how to operate it successfully. This led to the smooth running of the lesson and some excellent digital content creation by the students. 

2. One To Some Training

In one-to-some training scenarios I work with small groups of colleagues in workshops where I encourage collaborative learning so that teachers can learn and find out together, and support one another with the development of their digital competencies. Recently I have worked with teachers new to the school, ECTs and PGCE students who had not worked with Apple Classroom or the Microsoft suite of apps before. 

3. One To Many Training

One-to-many training refers to offering training and support to a large number of people in a group, for example a whole subject department or faculty. In these situations I am able to tailor the training to the specific needs of the department. This is a two-way process which involves communication and liaison with the head of department initially in which conversations will establish what the needs of the department are and with colleagues within the department to recognise and understand their individual and group needs. From that needs analysis, I create bespoke training specifically for each department. Recently this has included working with the history department to create quizzes using Microsoft Forms for retrieval practice and the Music department creating quizzes whilst listening to pieces of music using Microsoft Forms and Edpuzzle, working with the English department looking at how to make effective use of OneNote and the Physical Education department and how best to utilise the affordances of Flipgrid in student coursework activities. 

CPD Sessions

Educational technology and digital learning falls in the teaching and learning category of our whole school CPD offering. In these sessions I offer training to colleagues across departments who are particularly interested in developing their competencies in using software and how it can be successfully integrated into their pedagogy to support effective teaching and learning. 

The key to success in this area is to offer teachers a choice of different digital learning options so that the focus of the sessions offered are not ‘top down’ (i.e. we are only doing a CPD session on something that I have decided to do, or worse still because I want to!) but are sessions which have been chosen by the teachers from a range of different options. This serves to improve motivation and attendance, as adults are more likely to attend if they want to be there and have an interest in the topic.

Furthermore, successful professional learning and the development of teachers’ digital competencies lies in providing a sustainable programme overtime which enables teachers to learn about the software initially in a safe and non-judgmental environment, (that’s the training session with me and fellow colleagues) and then to be able to gradually implement the use of the software in their teaching and learning context. They should then be given the opportunity to meet with colleagues at a later date (perhaps four or five weeks later) to discuss and reflect on the use of the software (from both a teacher’s and students’ perspective) and share the successes and failures that they have encountered. It is so important to go beyond just a one-hour CPD session and assume that teachers will be fully equipped with the wherewithal to successfully run with new software in their teaching.

4. On Demand Learning

The pandemic obviously had an enormous influence on the way in which teachers use digital technology for teaching and learning and one of the offshoots of the pandemic was the way in which I provided on demand learning to colleagues. At the onset of the pandemic I created a number of video tutorials on how to use Microsoft Teams and OneNote which were extremely well received and which served to support colleagues at the start of and during the pandemic. Now that we are back ‘in-situ’ the development of on-demand learning content has continued with the creation of an increasing number of video tutorials about a variety of different applications that could be used for teaching and learning. 

As teachers have become more aware of the videos and have turned to them frequently, the idea of ‘just-in-time learning’ and ‘learning at the point of need’ has become more prevalent, leading to teachers being more confident and secure in their use of educational technology. 

I created a page in SharePoint called the EdTech Learning Hub which houses several pages about using Microsoft applications, such as Teams, OneNote, Forms, Flipgrid and PowerPoint. In addition to this, I create a short video most Fridays which is published in our staff bulletin. These Edtech Friday tips provide quick snippets of information and updates of developments in digital learning which teachers are able to quickly and easily implement into their practice. 

Beyond that, also housed in the Edtech Learning Hub is a podcast which is called Teachers’ Stories and which involves colleagues discussing the way in which they have successfully used applications in their teaching and learning. This empowers teachers as it provides a platform for them to both share and learn. Topics have included how OneNote can be used to provide oral feedback to students, the use of quizzing apps such as Socrative and Quizlet for retrieval practice and spaced learning and how Forms has been employed to foster flipped learning.

5. Social & Collaborative Learning

It is also important to provide a forum for colleagues to exchange experiences and to support one another in their use of educational technology. With this in mind we set up a specific Team in Microsoft Teams called Edtech Mutual Support in which colleagues could post anything that they wanted to with regards to educational technology and digital learning. This included articles or points of interest they had become aware of and questions which other colleagues were able to answer. Thus a whole staff peer support mechanism was in place. This has proved to be enormously successful and popular and it has helped to develop a culture of peer learning. Although I and colleagues in our IT Services department do receive specific questions via the chat or post channels, I did not see myself as the guru who has all the answers but simply another contributor who is able to learn with and from other colleagues in this context. 

OneNote ClassNotebook ‘How To’ Guide

Very happy to share this guide on using OneNote ClassNotebook which I created for colleagues. Please feel free to download and use in your setting.

How To Add a Section

Select the section in which you want the new section to appear. For example, if you want to add a new section to the Content Library, make sure the Content Library is selected. Click the purple Add Section text at the bottom of the Section pane. Name the section and click OK. The new section will appear.

How To Add A Page

Select the section you want the new page to appear in. In the Page pane, click Add Page at the bottom of the pane. The new, untitled page will appear.

How To Name a Page

Type in the name of your page at the top of the main canvas. The name of the page will appear in the pages pane.

How To Add Text to a Page

Click anywhere under the title to start typing on the page. Type away and edit as you would normally using the MS ribbon and tool bar. To reposition the text, hover your cursor over the top of the text box, using the crosshair icon drag the text box to your desired position.

How To Add an Image

Click on the page. Click the INSERT tab. Click PICTURE. Choose where you want to get your image from. Follow the onscreen instructions to get your image. Click INSERT. You can resize and reposition your picture on the page. Resize the picture by clicking on it. Drag handles will appear, use these to resize your image. You can move your image by hovering the mouse on the top of the image. The cursor will change to cross hairs, use these to drag the image to the desired position.

How To Add a Video from (YouTube, Flipgrid, Vimeo)

Find the video (on YouTube, Flipgrid) you want to put on the page. On YouTube, click the SHARE button. Copy the video URL address. Go back to OneNote, click the page and paste in the address. Press the RETURN key on your keyboard. Your video is right there in OneNote, ready to play! You can reposition it by following the steps above. (See Add an image).

How To Add Audio (using a PC – mic needed or laptop)

If you are using a PC, click on the Class Notebook page. CLICK the INSERT tab. Click the Audio icon. If you have a microphone connected to your PC you can start speaking straight away to add your audio / spoken feedback or instructions. Click the STOP icon when you have finished speaking.

How To Add Audio (using the iPad)

On the iPad, tap the INSERT tab and then tap the page to activate the icons. Tap the audio icon and start speaking straight to record your spoken feedback / instructions. Tap STOP RECORDING when you have finished speaking.

How To Add an Attachment

Click on the page. Click INSERT. Click FILE. Click INSERT AS ATTACHMENT. Follow the onscreen instructions to get your file. Click INSERT. Your file will appear as an icon (e.g., a Word icon) on the page. N.B. When a student clicks on the icon, the document will open in a new window.

How To Add a Printout

Click on the page. Click INSERT. Click FILE. Click INSERT FILE PRINTOUT. Follow the onscreen instructions to get your file. Click INSERT. Your document will appear in full on the page. Best practice is to save your documents as PDFs before inserting them as file printouts. Tip: This works well with PowerPoint decks, but you will lose any interactivity. They should be Set As Background so that students can annotate them. (See ‘How To Ensure Students Can Write On or Type Over Documents’ below).

How To Add a Link to a Website

Click on the page. Click INSERT. Click LINK. In the pop-up window, add the URL address of the website and give it a name in the display text box. Click INSERT. When students click on the link they will be directed to the website. N.B. The website will open a new window.

How To Add a Webpage (using Apple Pencil)

On your iPad ensure the Apple Pencil settings are set to LEFT CORNER SWIPE – SCREENSHOT – ON. Go to Settings – Apple Pencil to activate this setting. Navigate to the website you want to add to the OneNote page. Swipe your Apple Pencil from the bottom left-hand corner to the middle of the screen. Next, tap Full Page at the top of the screen. Now tap the export icon (the square with the arrow pointing out of the top). Drag the app icons across to find the OneNote icon. Tap on it and choose which Notebook and section you want to send the webpage to. Title the page and then tap send. At the desired location, touch and hold the icon and then tap Printout to see the entire webpage on the OneNote canvas.

How To Distribute Pages to Students

Make sure you are in / on the page you want to distribute to your students. Click on CLASS NOTEBOOK on the ribbon at the top of the Notebook. Click on DISTRIBUTE PAGE. To distribute a page to all your students, click on DISTRIBUTE PAGE from the drop-down menu. In the pane on the right-hand side, select the student section you want to distribute the page to. Click the purple DISTRIBUTE page. The page will then be distributed to all students and will be in the designated section in their Notebook. (NB. This may take a little while – be patient!).

To distribute a page to one student, follow the same procedure above, but select INDIVIDUAL DISTRIBUTION instead of DISTRIBUTE PAGE from the drop-down menu.

How To Create Subsections within Sections

To create a subsection in the section pane, click on Class Notebook then Distribute New Section, then click on Distribute New Section Group. Name the new section group in the box provided and then name the new section (sub section). You can add multiple new sections by clicking + Section. Then click DISTRIBUTE. The new section group and subsections are distributed to all students. N.B. The new section group is not added to the Content Library nor the Teacher Only section.

How To Change Students’ Names from Their School Code

This needs to be done in the desk top app, currently Windows 10. On your PC, type OneNote into the search bar in the bottom left-hand corner of the screen. Click on the OneNote icon to open it. Navigate to the Class Notebook you want to edit – you will see the name of the Notebook under the ribbon in the top left-hand side of the screen. Use the drop-down menu to locate the Notebook you want.

Along the top of the page, you will see tabs with your students’ school code. Hover your mouse over a tab and right click. You can now change the name of the tab to the student’s first name and last name, for example.

How To Mark Students’ Work (on the PC)

On the PC, click on Class Notebook, then click on Review Student Work. A pane will appear on the right-hand side of the screen. Select the section you want to navigate to, click Next then click the page where your students’ work is / should be. Click Next and the names of all your students will be shown. Click on the first student’s name at the top, this student’s page will automatically open and you can mark their work. When you are ready to move on to the next student’s work, just click the second student’s name on the list and their work will automatically appear.

You can insert voice /audio feedback (as above) as well as ink and highlight areas of the students’ work.

How To Mark Students’ Work (on the iPad)

On the iPad, tap on Class Notebook, then tap on the Review Student Work icon, which is the document with a blue tick in the bottom right-hand corner. Tap Review Student Work. A pane will appear on the right-hand side of the screen. Select the section you want to navigate to, click Next then click the page where your students’ work is / should be. Click Next and the names of all your students will be shown. Click on the first student’s name at the top, this student’s page will automatically open and you can mark their work. When you are ready to move on to the next student’s work, just click the second student’s name on the list and their work will automatically appear.

To mark students’ work, tap on the DRAW tab and use you Apple Pencil to digitally annotate and mark. You can add a voice note by tapping on INSERT, tapping on the page and then tapping the audio icon.

How To Change the Appearance of the Page

To change the page colour, click on View and then Page Colour. Select the desired page colour.

On the iPad, to change the paper style click View and then Paper Style. Select the desired paper style.

On the PC, to change the paper style you need to be on the desktop Windows OneNote app. Click View and then click Rule Lines. Select the desired paper style.

How To Use the Collaboration Space

The collaboration space is an area in which students can work together to complete tasks. You can use the collaboration space in a number of ways. You can set up a task which all students can access and contribute to, or you can create different tasks for groups for smaller numbers of students to access. To set up a whole class activity, simply create your task on a page in the collaboration space. There is no need to change any settings as all your students can access this page.

If you want to create different tasks for smaller groups of students, you can restrict student access to specific pages within the Collaboration space. To do this, you need to create the pages and activities in the Collaboration space first. Then, click on the Class Notebook tab, then click Manage Notebooks (a book icon). Then click the collaboration space permissions and assign your students to the specific page within Collaboration space that you want them to have access to. Only the assigned students can access the designated page.

How To Use the Content Library Section

The content library section is a place where you can put your documents which your students are able to see but they are not able to edit. This means that they are read only for the students. You can distribute pages to your students from the content library section and students can copy pages from the content library section and paste them in their own Class Notebook.

How To Use the Teacher Only Section

The Teacher Only section is a secret section that only the teacher can see, and this is where the teacher can store documents and materials which are not accessible to students. The teacher can distribute pages to students from the teacher only section when they wish to, or they can distribute them to the content library if they want to make them available to students as read only documents.

How To Ensure Students Can Write On or Type Over Documents

To ensure students can write on or type over documents that you have distributed to them the document needs to be pinned to the background. This is done on the iPad or the desktop Windows app.

On the iPad, touch and hold the document and several options will appear in a black bar at the top of the document. If it is not immediately visible, click the arrow to the right of the black bar and then tap on Set Picture As Background. This will now allow students to write on the document and to type over it.

Your students can also set picture to background on the iPads by following the same method.

In the Windows app, select the document and right click on the mouse. From the drop-down window select Set Picture As Background. If the document has more than one page or slide, you will need to repeat the process for each page or slide in the document.

Class Notebook How To Guide 2021Download

Master Microsoft Forms for Teaching, Learning & Assessment: Online Course

With the ever increasing growth of digital learning in schools, colleges and universities I have created a course to assist teachers and educators to get the very best out of Microsoft Forms. 

The aim is to enable teachers and educators to become so familiar with MS Forms that it transforms teaching, develops students’ learning, and assists with student assessment. All with the overall aim of supporting students to achieve their absolute best.

I wanted to spend a little time here letting you know about my online course entitled Master Microsoft Forms for Teaching, Learning and Assessment. 

Unlike other books or guides which look mainly at the functionality of MS Forms the course takes a deep dive, approaching the use of MS Forms through the eyes of the educator, promoting understanding of the student’s perspective, as well as what quizzes look like ‘behind the scenes’, how to mark and grade quizzes and how to provide feedback to students before posting them their results.

Here’s what you’ll learn on the course:

• How to create, edit, copy & distribute quizzes to students & colleagues
• How to create many different kinds of questions, including Maths, Ranking & Likert Scale questions
• How to copy, delete, shuffle & move questions
• How to give an extra dimension to your questions by adding images & videos
• How to use the amazing Immersive Reader
• How to use branching to support student learning
• How to create & view File Upload questions
• How to manage settings, give feedback & print quizzes
• How to manually mark quizzes & access summaries of students’ responses
• How to promote meta-cognition, retrieval practice & spaced learning

There’s a ton of extra stuff too!

When you enrol on the course, you’ll get access to a 60+ page e-book which includes all the written key takeaways that you’ll see in each tutorial. As well as watching and listening to the tutorials, you can refer to this easy to follow e-book to help you master MS Forms for Teaching, Learning and Assessment.

You’ll also get downloadable practice activities from the course which will enable you to practise on the go and will help you master MS Forms for Teaching, Learning and Assessment.

Learn how you can generate QR codes of MS Forms to provide differentiated learning activities for your students. There are also some further useful tips and ideas on how to devise retrieval practice & spaced learning activities. Plus downloadable links to free pre-created quiz templates!

I hope you find the course useful. I’d love to hear your feedback.

Remote Teaching using Break Out Rooms in Microsoft Teams

Much has been written about remote teaching and learning recently with a considerable focus on the features and functions of online teaching platforms, such as Microsoft Teams.

Using Break Out Rooms in Teams

In this blog I want to go further than simply explaining what these features and functions do and look at one way in which we can put these capabilities together so that we can involve and include all our students in a lesson. Let’s look at break out rooms for remote teaching and the potential they have to offer.

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“A break out room is a separate channel within your Team that you can direct your students to (either in small groups or individually), where they can work on their own, or collaborate on different tasks with classmates and where the teacher can communicate with the students.”

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We’re going to look at a lesson I created recently about the impact of hosting global sporting events (OCR A Level), but this method could be used for any topic that lends itself to discussion and debate.

The topic you are teaching and number of students you have in your class will determine the number of break out rooms you will need. In this example I had 11 students and I structured the lesson so that I could divide the class into two groups of four students, and one group of three. Each group had a different task to do in their break out room.

The first group of students were assigned to Room 1 and their task was to prepare for a debate in which they would be arguing in favour of hosting the Olympic & Paralympic Games in Birmingham, in the UK. The had to include as many positive impacts on sport, on society, on the economy and politically as they could think of.

The second group, assigned to Room 2, had a similar task, except their focus was to argue against hosting the Olympics & Paralympic Games in Birmingham. Similarly, they had to include as many negative impacts on sport, on society, on the economy and politically as they could think of.

Arguing for and against hosting the Olympic and Paralympic Games

The third group, in Room 3, were the judges. They were assigned a different task. The students in this group were given a document with the positive and negative impacts of hosting such a global sporting event, (a mark scheme, if you like).

Their task was to assign a points value for each of the impacts they had been provided with. A low score (1 or 2 points) would be given to an impact which they believed was very obvious and which they would expect both of the other teams to produce. A higher scoring tariff (7, 8, 9, or 10) would be allocated to an impact which they felt would be less obvious, but nonetheless creditworthy.

The judges created a points tariff for the impacts of hosting the Olympic & Paralympic Games

After I had explained the task to the whole class, each student then went to their own breakout room and started to work together with their fellow classmates. In each breakout room I explained in the post / conversation exactly what their task was and the roles that the students in that room were expected to fulfil. They could work collaboratively on a Word document to articulate their thoughts about either positive or negative impacts.

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Before the start of the lesson, I had already started a meeting in each break out room. This meant that the students could come out of the whole class meeting and enter their breakout room meeting to talk to the other students in their group without anyone else in the class being able to hear them.

As the teacher, I was able to go into each break out room and listen to the students discussing their ideas and to support and guide them, where necessary. When I wasn’t visiting each room, I waited in the main lesson meeting so that students could come and find me if they needed me. If I wasn’t there because I was visiting a breakout room, I told them to leave a message for me in the chat and I would then go and visit them in their room.

Students allocated to their break out room – a private channel in Teams

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BTEC Sport Unit 22 – Private Sector

Here I share my experiences of using Quizlet recently to teach the key terminology associated with the main aims and objectives of the private sector within unit 22 of the Level 3 National Diploma in Sport. A simple lesson plan, if you like.

First, I created a set of flashcards (11 in total) of the key terminology my students need know. The key terms were taken from the specification and textbook and I used the helpful suggestion feature in Quizlet to help me tailor the descriptions of each piece of terminology so that it was accessible to my learners.

Next, I printed three sets of large flashcards and cut them up so that the key terms and descriptions were separated.

I divided my BTEC class into three groups and distributed the three flashcard sets to each group. Their first task, in their groups, was to match the key term with the correct corresponding description.

Once they had successfully completed that task and having checked for understanding as a whole class, we developed the challenge and played the ‘memory game’ (also known as pelmanism).

In this activity all the flashcards were placed face down and students played the game in teams of two, whereby they turn one card over to reveal a key term (for example) and they then have to find the corresponding description. A matching pair is kept by the team. If the two cards do not correspond, both cards are turned face down again and returned to their original position. The other team then has a go at matching two correct cards. This is a useful exercise because it involves a lot of repetition and revisiting key terms and descriptions.

When the groups had finished playing the memory game, they logged onto Quizlet on their iPads or laptops and spent time working independently studying the same set of digital flashcards. In particular, I encouraged them to use the ‘Learn’, ‘Flashcards’ and ‘Match’ features on Quizlet.

To learn more about these features, click here.

After a period of time, all of the students were instructed to navigate to the ‘Test’ feature, where they had to complete a Quizlet test using the multiple choice, true / false and matching options. I circulated and noted individual student scores and provided feedback where necessary.

Following this, I set up a Quizlet Live session. This is a fun way for students to see the extent of their learning.

Finally, with all devices out of sight, having used the print function in Quizlet, I gave my students a hand out of a glossary of the key terms and I asked my students to complete the following task:

Using the key terms you have studied, explain the main aims and objectives of the private sector. Develop your points and provide examples from businesses in the SAL industry.

If you’d like to learn more about how to use Quizlet effectively for teaching and learning, why not enrol in my free online course here?

 

Drag and Drop Challenge

Here’s a video explanation of how I recently used a drag and drop activity to really challenge my students when they were first introduced to the skeletal system.

 

 

Collaborative Learning with Baiboard 3

Consumption rather than intellectual development?

I have been enjoying a discussion recently on Twitter about whether the use of technology in education (iPads in my case) promotes consumption rather than intellectual development.

This is a really interesting concept and one which you will no doubt have your own thoughts on. It is true, without  a doubt, that there is the potential for technology to be ‘misused’ in this way, such that students are merely recipients of information and use the technology for nothing more than searching the internet, reading an electronic version of a paper handout, or watching videos online. In some instances we may even argue that this consumption is justified and has its place.

Of course, used creatively and with a little understanding of the theories behind ed tech, there is unimaginable scope for the promotion of intellectual development when using technology in education. One such example is by using collaborative tools which enable students to work together in creating a project. Such tools not only assist in developing intellectual capacity but also develop the skills required to work effectively with others – skills and attributes which employers desire in their workforce.

In a recent lesson, using Biaboard 3 as the collaborative learning tool, I set up a learning episode which challenged my students to work together in small groups on the topic of Sport and the Law. This was a new topic to them and students had limited knowledge about the issues involved. They were to research specific sub topics and create a project (or board) on Baiboard 3, (one page per group) demonstrating their new-found knowledge and understanding.

Once all students had finished, we projected the completed board onto the class whiteboard using AirPlay, enabling each group in turn to present their findings to the rest of the class. Questions were asked and further examples and clarification was provided where necessary, (by the students), which led to deeper comprehension. Finally, the Baiboard 3 project was exported as a PDF file to Showbie, which enabled all students to have access to all of the learning in that lesson and not just the individual sub topic they were working on. This, in turn, ensures that the rich learning that took place in the lesson is not ‘lost’ and enables easy access and retrieval of classwork when it comes to reviewing learning and preparation for assessments and exams.

Did the use of technology promote intellectual development?

I would argue yes, but ultimately it was the pedagogy – the requirements of the activity and the way in which it was set up and structured which really allowed for the promotion of intellectual development. This should always be the driver and at the forefront of our teaching, rather than putting the technology first and trying to fit a topic around it.

That said, this activity could not have been carried out with the same degree of success and engagement without the use of technology. Firstly, the technology allowed students’ curiosity to be piqued; they had the choice to go anywhere on the internet and find out more about the sub topic they were working on. They were able to delve deeper into stories about player and spectator violence and the consequences of such actions. They were able to discover the meaning of negligence and its place in sport and the law and they were able to familiarise themselves with the complexities of employment and commercial contracts.

In working together to create their presentations, students then had to decide and agree upon which pieces of information to use and which to discard, which pieces of information were relevant and which were not, which pieces of media to use in order to best convey their intended message. They had to discuss with their partners about how to present their information on the Baiboard page and who from within their group was going to present to the rest of the class. They spent time rehearsing and modifying their presentations.

All this great interaction (intellectual development) was taking place among the students and Baiboard 3 was the tool that pulled it all together. This simply would not have been possible if each group had just been working with some colour pens, an A3 piece of paper and a text book.

Alternatively, I could have stood at the front of the class in my didactic mode and my students could have ‘consumed’ a PowerPoint presentation on the subject! How’s that for promoting intellectual development?

 

 

Feedback is the essence of learning

How exactly can the iPad enhance learning?

If you look on Twitter you’ll find that almost everyday there are a plethora of tweets which tackle this question and it seems that for every positive proposal there’s bound to be a counter argument of some sort or another.

In this blog and the accompanying video, I am going to offer one small but I hope not insignificant example of how I believe the use of the iPad (or other mobile devices) can enhance learning. This is through the use of an activity which personalises learning and provides instant feedback to the learner so that she can progress on her learning journey at her own pace and in complete control. She can manipulate the resource as she wishes; she can review content that she is unsure of and she can develop strategies and tactics to help her in tackling (potentially) challenging multiple choice questions.

The methodology used in this example is based on the premise that written feedback is more effective for the learner than numerical scores. The idea being, that for every question a pupil gets right she receives feedback as to why the response is correct and similarly, for every question she gets wrong she also receives feedback as to why her response was incorrect. To my mind this is far more valuable than just receiving a score of 1 out of 1 or 0 out of 1 depending upon which response the learner gives. I would argue that this process strengthens the learning experience considerably and I have seen my own pupils benefit hugely from using these resources. The emphasis here is on feedback being the essence of effective learning.

I made these PowerPoint resources a few years ago and used them on PCs when (and if) I was able to get my classes into the computer rooms at school (which wasn’t very often). However, since Microsoft have made the PowerPoint app available on the app store (for free), my students have been able to make great use of these multiple choice PowerPoint slides on their individual iPads (wherever, whenever) to develop their knowledge and understanding of the key concepts involved in the various topics in GCSE Physical Education.

 

 

 

 

 

Solo Taxonomy, iPads, e-hexagon learning & Explain Everything

Over the past couple of months I’ve become increasingly interested in the concept of solo taxonomy and wish to express my thanks to Pam Hook @arti_choke for the explanation of how the taxonomy is best utilised in teaching and learning and for the excellent resources available on her fine website. Visit her site here. Thanks also to @PE4Learning for bringing solo taxonomy to my attention initially and all the great sharing of resources that is taking place in the PE community through PE4Learning.com; it is much appreciated and in my opinion a ‘go to’ resource for all PE teachers and trainee PE teachers.

Of particular interest to me is the way in which teachers make use of hexagons made of card or paper to help their pupils develop a deeper understanding of their learning. Pupils essentially use the hexagons to build up their understanding of a concept or concepts and are better able to move from shallow thinking through to more in depth thinking by physically linking pieces of information together to create a ‘bigger, deeper’ picture. For more information on hexagon learning, see David Didau’s blog, here.

It was obvious to me that a hexagon learning approach would benefit a good number of my year 10 and 11 pupils, especially in the construction of the longer answers required at GCSE level for the 3 and 4 mark questions, and in particular for the two 6 mark extended answers (Edexcel).

Many of my pupils tend to be able to provide a (unistructural) shallow thinking response (for which they would probably obtain 1 mark out of the 3 or 4 on offer, for example) but are not yet fully adept at developing their responses in sufficient depth so as to access the full marks available. Typically, pupils will use all of the space (lines) available on the exam script to answer a particular question and think they have responded to the question fully, when actually they have made just one point, but managed to spread their answer out over three or four lines (often repeating themselves or writing in larger than usual handwriting!). No doubt, many teachers recognise this scenario!

So where does hexagon learning, iPads and Expalin Everything come in? And how can they help?

Firstly, a bit of background: At my school, we are very fortunate to have a fully functional, reliable and successful 1:1 mobile learning project, lead by a most able Director of Academic IT, in which every teacher and pupil has their own iPad. Knowing that the school has a robust wi-fi infrastructure, I can trust the system and I believe it is worthwhile investing time in creating e-resources online or on the iPad which I can be confident my pupils can easily access in my lessons with very few concerns over internet reliability issues. (It’s a privilege to work with such a professional, efficient and competent IT support team – without which my use of technology for teaching and learning would be severely restricted. Thank you – IT Support!!) I do appreciate I am fortunately placed in this regard and recognise that not all teachers are in the same position. That said, to my mind, it would be remiss of me not to take advantage of the structure in situ and so I aim to make the best use of the capabilities the technology available has to offer, where appropriate.

One such resource I have focused on recently is the creation of e-hexagons using the Explain Everything app for the iPad which I distribute to my pupils via Showbie.

In this case, although in a digital format, the principle of hexagon learning remains the same, in that pupils develop their thinking starting from a unistructural (shallow) thinking base and progress into a multistructural stage through to a relational (deeper) phase and, all being well, they may be able to access the extended abstract stage of the taxonomy. The major difference is that the hexagons are on each pupil’s iPad and not physically on the desk. See the video example below.

What are the advantages of this approach, if any?

My thoughts are presented below and are in no particular order of priority.

• Time and resources – the hexagons only need to be created once on Explain Everything and then distributed to as many pupils as necessary through Showbie with the click of just a few buttons. Time (any money) is saved as there is no need to print multiple hexagons, (perhaps on different colour paper), laminate them and cut them out. (Very time consuming, even with a relatively small number of pupils in your class).
• Reusable – the same set of hexagons can be used for more than one class, group or set and presented to them in pristine condition, everytime!
• Colour coded – the use of different coloured hexagons provides guidance to those who need it. To emphasise the importance of developing points beyond simple statements, I use one colour for unistructural points, a different colour for multistructural points and a further different colour for relational points. I encourage each pupil to use all three colours in the development of a point(s) where applicable and that their thought process should progress from colour 1 which links to colour 2 which in turn links to colour 3. In this way, my pupils have a clearer appreciation of the way in which a particular question could / should be developed. Not all pupils need this guidance, but it appears to be helpful for those that do.
• Templates – when pupils are familiar with the use of e-hexagons, it is possible to provide them with templates (of blank hexagons) for them to fill in on their own. Once they have saved a template on Explain Everything they can return to it many times without the teacher having to create multiple numbers of hexagons for each different topic. This again saves time and money on resource development.
• Differentiation (personalised learning) – the beauty of developing resources in the digital format is that without too much effort they can be tweaked and amended to suit individual learners. For example, to stretch and challenge pupils I might include a larger number of hexagons with more relational and extended abstract thinking for them to work with, whereas I can reduce the number of hexagons presented to pupils who would benefit from working with a smaller amount of information. Different tasks on the same topic can easily be distributed to individuals using Showbie.
• Pair – share – even though each individual has their own set of hexagons it is still possible to set up tasks so that pupils work collaboratively. As well as having pupils working in pairs or small groups from the outset another method which works well is to encourage pupils to work individually at first and then to share their thinking with a partner. This allows pupils to articulate their thinking and learning with a view to making their understanding all the clearer; especially if their partner challenges them on why they have placed a certain hexagon in a particular location.
• Record – a brilliant feature of Explain Everything is that it is possible to record all activity on the screen as well as capturing audio. This means that the movements of the hexagons can be recorded and at the same time the pupil can explain why they have moved a hexagon to a certain location and articulate their thinking and reasoning behind making such a move. (See the video below). For me, this is such a powerful tool because not only does it help pupils really focus on their thinking, it also enables me as the teacher to hear and understand the pupils’ understanding. It’s great for picking up misconceptions and also for developing pupils’ thinking.
• Display using air server – if you have air server or Apple TV in your classroom it is possible for pupils to project their hexagon learning on the whiteboard or TV so that it can be shared with the whole class. This allows exemplars to be shown and again gives the opportunity for pupils to articulate their thinking. I have also found that projecting a poorly or incorrectly developed example (my own) enables the class to work together to make any necessary corrections and to improve upon the original attempt.
• Save learning – another great advantage of operating in the digital arena is that pupils’ learning can be saved. How often have we as teachers witnessed great, rich learning taking place in lessons only for it to be lost when the moment has passed or when the lesson has finished? With Explain Everything, both the process of learning and the finished outcome of the task can be recorded and saved (click to tweet) so that it can be referred back to. A perfect revision resource and a wonderful way to demonstrate that individual progress is being made.
• Modelling – the use of the Explain Everything app enables me to model hexagon learning to my pupils and as mentioned above, allows the teacher to explain how the system works as well as the reasoning and thinking behind the placement of each hexagon. Pupils can easily see ‘what a good one looks like’ and understand what is required to create a ‘good one’ themselves. See the video below.
• Homework – e-hexagon learning does not have to be restricted to lesson time. Provided pupils have internet access at home (and Explain Everything on their iPad or iPhone) this could be set as a purposeful homework task and / or in preparation for a written extended answer (the 6 marker) for the next lesson.

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